New immigration was a term from the late
1880s that came from the influx of immigrants from
southern and
eastern Europe (areas that previously didn't have large numbers of immigrants) into the
United States. This raised the issue of whether the U.S. was still a "
melting pot," or if it had just become a "dumping ground," and many Americans subsequently became unhappy with this development. Immigrants were very useful, for example they expanded the economy by opening new bakeries in the United States.
Americans’ preference of
old immigration rather than new immigration reflected a sudden rise in
conservatism. Immigration, although always being a part of
American culture, swelled during the
19th century, coinciding with the rise of urban America. Before the “flood” which occurred in the 1870s was a period called “old” immigration. Old immigrants were mostly from
Western Europe, especially
Britain,
Germany,
Ireland and
Scandinavia. Since they had
Anglo-Saxon and
Protestant backgrounds, they were quickly incorporated into American society, welcomed into the “asylum of liberty” . However, beginning in 1870, “new” immigration began, with large amounts of people arriving from Eastern and southern Europe as well as
Asia,
Russia,
Italy, and
Japan. Not only were these peoples’ language and culture less like that of America; They looked different. They were predominantly
Jewish and
Catholic, which sparked tensions. However, the epitome was the unfortunate circumstances that the new immigrants arrived in.
They came in the new urban America, with disease, overcrowding, and crime all major problems. As a result, tensions became downright hostile, with a lot of Americans becoming anti-immigrant, fearing the customs, religion, and poverty of the new immigrants, considering them less desirable than old immigrants. In reality, this perceived difference did not exist; the new immigrants although looking different brought the same sort of values as old ones did. Statistically, they did not commit any more crime or contribute to any more of the misfortunes as anyone else did.
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